Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Wiltshire RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	60,576
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	633
(1) Officers of National Government	260
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	5
Post Office	169
Inland Revenue	67
Customs	3
Government Messengers, Workmen	2
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	14
(2) Officers of Local Government	362
Magistrate	28
Police	210
Prison Officer	14
Union and Parish Officer	93
Officer of Local Board	0
Other Local Officers	17
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	11
E. India and Col. Service	11
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	541
(1) Army	416
Army Officer	16
Army Half-pay Officer	43
Soldier	54
Chelsea Pensioner	225
Militia	77
Others	1
(2) Navy	125
Navy Officer	8
Navy Half-pay Officer	15
Seaman, R.N.	4
Royal Marine	34
Greenwich Pensioner	64
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,526
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	614
Clergyman	397
Protestant Minister	121
Roman Catholic Priest	6
Other Relig. Teachers	19
Parish Clerk	52
Other Church Officers	19
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	262
Barrister	23
Solicitor	123
Law Student	2
Other Lawyers	1
Officers of Law Court	18
Law Clerk	93
Law Stationer	2
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	256
Physician	17
Surgeon, Apothecary	125
Medical Student, Assist.	17
Dentist	5
Druggist	91
Others	1
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	15
Author, Editor, Writer	4
Ors. eng. in Literature	11
(5) Artists	45
Artist, Painter	18
Sculptor	4
Engraver	4
Photographic Artist	19
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	52
Musician	34
Music-master	18
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	5
Actor	1
In Theatres, Exhibitions	4
(8) Teachers	252
Schoolmaster	228
Teacher of Languages	7
Profes. of Mathematics	4
Teacher (General)	5
Teacher of Dancing	3
Other Teachers	5
(9) Scientific Persons	25
Civil Engineer	23
Other Scientific Persons	2
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	93
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	70
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	70
(4) Scholars (so described)	23
Scholar (so described)	23
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	2,027
(1) In Board and Lodging	693
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	384
Publican	218
Beerseller	72
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	7
Coffee-house Keeper	2
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	4
Others--Boarding, &c.	6
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	1,334
Domst. Serv. (General)	500
Coachman	104
Groom	232
Gardener	280
Inn Servant	138
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	73
Others	7
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	629
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	312
Merchant	17
Banker	10
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	4
Stock Broker, &c.	1
Ship Broker, Agent	1
Broker	6
Agent, Factor	25
Coal, Colliery Agent	5
Iron Merchant, Agent	3
Salesman	1
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	27
Accountant	40
Commercial Clerk	85
Commercial Traveller	48
Other Mercantile Men	39
(2) Other General Dealers	317
Pawnbroker	8
Marine-store Dealer	51
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	88
Shopkeeper	45
Hawker, Pedlar	124
Other General Dealers	1
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,396
(1) Carriers on Railways	500
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	91
Railway Official	104
Railway Servant	237
Railway Police	67
Ors. eng. in	1
(2) Carriers on Roads	582
Toll Collector	90
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	6
Livery Staple Keeper	10
Coachman (not domstc.)	119
Cabman, Flyman	16
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	337
Others	4
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	148
Canal and River Service	31
Bargeman, Waterman	114
Others	3
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	38
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	20
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	2
Dock Servant, Labourer	6
Wharfinger	8
Others	2
(5) Engaged in Storage	5
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	5
Others in Storage	0
(6) Messengers and Porters	123
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	117
Telegraph Service	6
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	28,151
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	26,596
Land Proprietor	181
Farmer, Grazier	3,023
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	791
Farm Bailiff	320
Agricultural Labourer	20,776
Shepherd (out-door)	1,118
Farm Servant (in-door)	240
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	73
Others in Agriculture	74
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	351
Woodman	351
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	1,204
Gardener	1,162
Nurseryman	37
Others in Horticulture	5
9. Persons engaged about Animals	1,119
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	1,119
Horse Dealer	22
Horsebreaker	16
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	625
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	62
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	78
Drover	32
Pig Merchant, Dealer	19
Gamekeeper	226
Vermin Destroyer	10
Fisherman	6
Others about Animals	23
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	6,470
(1) In Books	136
Bookseller, Publisher	41
Bookbinder	8
Printer	82
Newspaper Agent	3
Others in Publications	2
(2) In Musical Instrument	15
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	4
Others	11
(3) In Prints and Pictures	4
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1
Others	3
(4) In Carving and Figures	9
Wood-carver	9
Others	0
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	4
Toy Maker, Dealer	1
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	3
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	6
Pattern Designer	3
Others	3
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	97
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	95
Optician	1
Weight or Measure Mkr.	1
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	1
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	1
Others	0
(9) In Arms	21
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	21
Others	0
(10) In Machines	659
Eng. and Mach. Maker	613
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	2
Tool Maker, Dealer	6
File-maker	1
Saw Smith, Maker	2
Cutler	23
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	4
Others in Tools, Mchns.	8
(11) In Carriages	104
Coachmaker	104
Others	0
(12) In Harness	214
Saddler, Harness-maker	199
Whip-maker	15
(13) In Ships	22
Shipbldr., Shipwright	3
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	2
Boat, Barge,--Builder	14
Sailmaker	3
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	4,679
House Proprietor	88
House Agent	6
Architect	11
Surveyor	14
Builder	141
Carpenter, Joiner	1,987
Bricklayer	485
Marble Mason	4
Mason, Pavior	1,182
Slater, Tiler	63
Plasterer	222
Paperhanger	4
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	471
Others	1
(15) In Furniture	222
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	149
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	34
Picture-frame Maker	2
Carver, Gilder	7
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	3
Furniture Broker	24
Others	2
(16) In Implements	244
Wheelwright	151
Millwright	72
Other Implement Mkrs.	21
(17) In Chemicals	33
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	3
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	0
Dyer, Calenderer	27
Others	3
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	5,344
(1) In Wool and Worsted	2,174
Woolstapler	53
Felt manufacture	5
Woollen Cloth manuf.	1,977
Clothier	8
Fuller	14
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	64
Worsted manufacture	3
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	1
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	43
Others	6
(2) In Silk	50
Silk manufacture	41
Silk Dyer, Printer	4
Silk Mercer	2
Ribbon manufacture	2
Others	1
(3) In Cotton and Flax	54
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	44
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	1
Cotton manufacture	6
Fustian manufacture	1
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	2
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	340
Packer and Presser	0
Weaver (undefined)	11
Manchester Warehmn.	1
Draper, Mercer	324
Others	4
(5) In Dress	2,627
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	68
Hatter, Hat manuf.	17
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	0
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	2
Tailor	733
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	15
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	3
Glover, Leather, &c.	23
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	1,742
Patten, Clog,--Maker	3
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	12
Others providing Dress	9
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	99
Mat Maker, Seller	2
Rope, Cord,--Maker	37
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	60
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	3,362
(1) In Animal Food	804
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	172
Cheesemonger	47
Butcher, Meat Salesman	477
Provision Curer, Dealer	46
Poulterer, Game Dealer	33
Fishmonger	27
Others	2
(2) In Vegetable Food	1,267
Corn Merchant, Dealer	84
Miller	399
Flour Dealer, Agent	13
Baker	652
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	58
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	46
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	0
Potato Merchant	1
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	7
Sugar Refiner	0
Others	7
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	1,291
Maltster	248
Brewer, &c.	237
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	50
Distiller, Rectifier	0
Cellarman	10
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	0
Grocer, Tea Dealer	716
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	12
Tobacconist	9
Others	9
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	322
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	44
Soap-boiler	3
Tallow-chandler	35
Comb-maker	1
Others	5
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	218
Fellmonger	43
Skinner	5
Tanner	71
Currier	87
Others	12
(3) In Hair	60
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	17
Brush, Broom,--Maker	43
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	1,314
(1) In Gums and Resins	46
Oil Miller, Refiner	0
Oil and Colourman	1
French-polisher	10
Japanner	0
Others	35
(2) In Wood	867
Timber Merch., Dealer	34
Wood Dealer	15
Sawyer	576
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	51
Lath-maker	13
Turner	42
Box-maker	0
Cooper	112
Hoop Maker, Bender	12
Others	12
(3) In Bark	4
Cork Cutter, manuf.	4
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	345
Basket-maker	87
Hay and Straw Dealer	12
Thatcher	244
Others	2
(5) In Paper	52
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	13
Paper manufacture	27
Stationer (not Law)	10
Paper-stainer	0
Others Workers in Paper	2
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	3,498
(1) In Mining	17
Coal-miner	2
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	11
Others	4
(2) In Coal	342
Coal Merchant, Dealer	147
Coalheaver, Labourer	83
Coke Burner, Dealer	0
Chimney Sweeper	60
Gas Works Service	51
Other Workers in Coal	1
(3) In Stone, Clay	1,384
Stone Quarrier	311
Stone Cutter, Polisher	41
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	28
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	265
Railway Labourer	425
Platelayer	28
Excavator, Navvy	23
Road Contractor, &c.	16
Road Labourer	178
Scavenger	12
Dust Collector	1
Others	56
(4) In Earthenware	38
Earthenware manuf.	11
Tobacco-pipe Makers	4
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	23
Others	0
(5) In Glass	1
Glass manufacture	1
Other Workers in Glass	0
(6) In Salt	1
Salt manufacture	1
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	8
Waterworks Service	2
Others	6
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	19
Goldsmith, Jeweller	18
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	1
(9) In Copper	11
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	11
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	64
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	53
Tinplate Worker	11
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
Lead manufacture	0
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	55
Brass Founder, manuf.	16
Brazier	22
Locksmith, Bellhanger	3
Gasfitter	10
Wire Maker, Drawer	0
Wire Worker, Weaver	3
Others	1
(14) In Iron and Steel	1,558
Iron manufacture	314
Whitesmith	52
Blacksmith	1,018
Nail manufacture	8
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	70
Ironmonger	74
Hardwareman, Dealer	4
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	7
Others	11
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	2,715
(1) General Labourers	2,585
Labourer	2,585
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	130
Mechanic	23
Shopman	4
Apprentice	1
Others of indef. occu.	102
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	311
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	311
Gentleman	161
Annuitant	150
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	602
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	598
Dependent on Relatives	10
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	40
Pauper, no stated occ.	373
Lunatic, no stated occ.	80
Others	95
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	4
Vagrant, Beggar	4
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	523
Visitor, no stated occ.	41
Others of no stated occupation or condition	482

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.