Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Ulverston RegD/PLU	Ulverston SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	27	5
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	4	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	5	2
Police	10	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	4	-
Other Local or County Official	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	3	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	1	-
Navy Pensioner	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	131	99
Clergymen (Established Church)	9	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	3	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	1
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	1
Barrister, Solicitor	10	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	19	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	8	-
Dentist	2	-
Medical Student, Assistant	3	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	1	31
Schoolmaster	19	42
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	12
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	4	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Mining Engineer	7	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	3	-
Painter (artist)	2	1
Architect	5	-
Musician, Music Master	17	7
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	3	1
Actor	-	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	69	827
Domestic Coachman, Groom	12	-
Domestic Gardener	15	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	23	742
Inn, Hotel Servant	15	11
College, Club Service	1	-
Cook (not domestic)	-	1
Charwoman	-	42
Washing and Bathing Service	2	29
Hospital and Institution Service	-	2
Others engaged in Service	1	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	112	3
Merchant	2	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	8	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	3	-
Accountant	6	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	1
Commercial Traveller	21	1
Commercial Clerk	54	1
Bank Service	16	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	2	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	196	2
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	4	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	4	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	77	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	10	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	40	-
Tramway Companies' Service	2	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	25	-
Pilot	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	6	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	3	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	22	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	-	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	226	9
Farmer, Grazier	56	1
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	14	-
Farm Bailiff	10	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	120	7
Woodman	5	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	1	-
Gardener (not domestic)	20	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	24	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	7	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	3	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	3	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
Fisherman	10	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	42	6
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	8	2
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	1
Bookbinder	5	2
Printer	28	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	-	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	73	-
Engine, Machine Maker	12	-
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	37	-
Boiler Maker	2	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	9	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	11	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	345	4
Builder	13	1
Carpenter, Joiner	102	-
Bricklayer	17	-
Mason	91	1
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	15	-
Plumber	24	-
Painter, Glazier	42	-
Cabinet Maker	24	2
French Polisher	1	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	8	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Carver, Gilder	3	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	23	1
Coachmaker	9	-
Wheelwright	2	-
Others	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	11	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	6	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	2	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	4	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	31	-
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	15	-
Manufacturing Chemist	14	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	7	-
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	7	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	200	79
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	25	4
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	13
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	-	3
Maltster	7	-
Brewer	14	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	3	3
Cellarman	2	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	5	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	4	2
Butcher, Meat Salesman	39	1
Fishmonger	1	4
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Corn Miller	9	-
Baker	9	8
Confectioner, Pastrycook	2	19
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	5	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	68	22
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	56	19
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	2	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	-	2
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Weaver (undefined)	-	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	1	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	46	8
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	6
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	149	241
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	3	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	49	3
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	210
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	12
Hosier, Haberdasher	2	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	72	12
Patten, Clog Maker	14	1
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	5	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	3	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	47	4
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	-
Manure Manufacture	2	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	13	-
Currier	10	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	20	4
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	45	9
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	7	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Sawyer	5	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	8	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	15	-
Paper Manufacture	2	4
Stationer, Law Stationer	2	1
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	-	4
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	1,025	3
Coal Miner	1	-
Ironstone Miner	555	1
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	5	-
Coal Merchant	10	-
Coalheaver	3	-
Gas Works Service	8	-
Stone Quarrier	40	1
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Slate Quarrier	4	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	7	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	6	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	16	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	37	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	2	-
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	225	1
Blacksmith	56	-
Whitesmith	1	-
Nail Manufacture	7	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	23	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	8	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	330	48
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	5	10
Pawnbroker	1	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	30	22
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	211	5
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	62	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	19	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	1	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	9
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	6	2
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	2	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	3	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	47	247
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	47	247
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	34	1,705
[Blank field, or illegible]	34	1,705

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)