Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List St Georges PLPar/RegD/PLU	Hanover Square SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	179	4
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	36	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	38	4
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	25	-
Police	58	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	1	-
Other Local or County Official	20	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	70	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	45	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	12	-
Army Pensioner	3	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	3	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	305	263
Clergymen (Established Church)	9	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	1
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	5
Barrister, Solicitor	57	1
Law Student	6	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	16	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	71	1
Dentist	16	-
Medical Student, Assistant	8	-
Subordinate Medical Service	2	108
Schoolmaster	7	28
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	6	79
School Service, and others connected with teaching	-	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	5	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	-
Civil Engineer	9	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	4	-
Painter (artist)	11	6
Engraver (artist)	6	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	6	-
Musician, Music Master	38	14
Art Student	3	5
Photographer	3	2
Actor	3	9
Art, Music, Theatre Service	3	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	-	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	6	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	1,433	3,210
Domestic Coachman, Groom	379	-
Domestic Gardener	1	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	873	2,983
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	2	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	124	62
College, Club Service	10	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	13	4
Cook (not domestic)	14	4
Charwoman	-	64
Washing and Bathing Service	4	64
Hospital and Institution Service	3	29
Others engaged in Service	10	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	275	38
Merchant	34	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	45	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	8	-
Accountant	4	2
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	2	5
Commercial Traveller	15	-
Commercial Clerk	143	29
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	3	1
Banker	10	-
Bank Service	6	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	2	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	3	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	540	9
Other Railway Officials and Servants	13	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	11	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	196	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	40	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	11	-
Ship Steward, Cook	8	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	1
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	17	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	240	4
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	3
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	25	4
Farmer, Grazier	6	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	1	-
Farm Bailiff	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	7	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	3	2
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	-	2
Gardener (not domestic)	5	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	131	2
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	3	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	100	2
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	26	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	53	-
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	12	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	4	-
Bookbinder	8	-
Printer	19	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	5	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	62	5
Engine, Machine Maker	6	1
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	9	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	23	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	3	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	2	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	2	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	7	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	6	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	2	1
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	-	2
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	295	21
Builder	15	1
Carpenter, Joiner	70	-
Bricklayer	25	-
Mason	1	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	3	-
Plumber	18	1
Painter, Glazier	68	1
Cabinet Maker	35	16
French Polisher	12	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	1	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	20	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	3	-
Wood Carver	4	-
Carver, Gilder	7	-
Dealer in Works of Art	8	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	-	2
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	89	2
Coachmaker	54	1
Wheelwright	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	34	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	1	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	58	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	51	1
Manufacturing Chemist	6	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	11	2
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	11	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	399	108
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	60	18
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	39	61
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	20	6
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Maltster	1	-
Brewer	3	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	1	-
Cellarman	11	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	11	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	23	2
Cheesemonger, Butterman	15	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	65	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	1	-
Poulterer, Game Dealer	7	-
Fishmonger	24	-
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	7	-
Baker	47	4
Confectioner, Pastrycook	7	6
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	21	5
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	33	3
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	72	65
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	2	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	3	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	-	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	2	23
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	9	2
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	51	21
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	4
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	3
Embroiderer	2	11
Others	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	372	1,036
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	8	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	2
Tailor	226	113
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	20	825
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	4	74
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	8	2
Glover, Glove Maker	4	4
Button Maker, Dealer	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	77	5
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	17	4
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	3	5
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	20	7
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	2	1
Furrier, Skinner	4	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	10	2
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	-	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	3	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	1	3
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	40	9
Oil and Colourman	9	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	3	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	4	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Paper Manufacture	1	-
Envelope Maker	-	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	14	7
Card, Pattern Card Maker	1	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	3	1
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	120	9
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	2	-
Gas Works Service	3	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	3	-
Glass Manufacture	3	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	11	3
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	31	3
Others	-	1
[Iron Manufacture]	2	-
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	15	-
Whitesmith	3	-
Nail Manufacture	1	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	11	-
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	3	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	1	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	13	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	2	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	1	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	9	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	101	61
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	26	34
Pawnbroker	4	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	1	-
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	3	2
Contractor (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	38	-
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	1	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	15	13
Apprentice (undefined)	4	7
Factory Labourer (undefined)	8	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	5
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	11	1
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	9	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	148	603
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	148	603
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	76	1,742
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	3	3
[Blank field, or illegible]	73	1,739

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)