Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Norwich Inc/RegD/PLU	Mancroft SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	38	7
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	11	3
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	4	1
Prison Service, &c.	2	1
Police	13	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	6	2
Other Local or County Official	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	60	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	7	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	10	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	34	-
Army Pensioner	8	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	191	163
Clergymen (Established Church)	10	-
Roman Catholic Priest	2	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	2	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	3	1
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	4	-
Barrister, Solicitor	24	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	28	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	19	-
Dentist	7	-
Medical Student, Assistant	6	-
Subordinate Medical Service	3	48
Schoolmaster	28	67
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	6	32
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	6
Author, Editor, Journalist	3	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	3	-
Painter (artist)	1	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Architect	9	-
Musician, Music Master	13	8
Art Student	3	-
Photographer	3	1
Actor	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	3	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	123	1,385
Domestic Coachman, Groom	42	1
Domestic Gardener	17	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	32	1,129
Inn, Hotel Servant	24	31
College, Club Service	1	1
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	2
Cook (not domestic)	1	-
Charwoman	-	100
Washing and Bathing Service	1	107
Hospital and Institution Service	4	12
Others engaged in Service	-	2
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	180	15
Merchant	4	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	8	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	9	1
Accountant	12	1
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	7
Commercial Traveller	19	-
Commercial Clerk	90	6
Bank Service	19	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	19	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	298	4
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	17	-
Railway Guard	6	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	2	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	42	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	8	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	34	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	47	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	36	-
Ship Steward, Cook	-	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	15	1
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	87	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	274	13
Farmer, Grazier	17	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	1	-
Farm Bailiff	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	122	12
Shepherd	2	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	11	-
Gardener (not domestic)	117	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	85	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	52	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	4	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	7	1
Drover	11	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	3	-
Fisherman	3	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	68	5
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	19	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	3	-
Bookbinder	8	5
Printer	36	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	79	3
Engine, Machine Maker	7	-
Millwright	5	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	22	1
Boiler Maker	5	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	2	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	3	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
Needle Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	18	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	2	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	3	2
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	5	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	2	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	471	17
Builder	18	-
Carpenter, Joiner	139	-
Bricklayer	130	-
Mason	22	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	11	-
Paperhanger	5	-
Plumber	25	-
Painter, Glazier	59	-
Cabinet Maker	33	16
French Polisher	6	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	3	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	8	-
Wood Carver	5	-
Carver, Gilder	3	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	-	1
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	59	1
Coachmaker	32	-
Wheelwright	12	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	15	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	1	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	127	41
Dye, Paint Manufacture	3	6
Chemist, Druggist	21	2
Manufacturing Chemist	102	31
Alkali Manufacture	1	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	7	5
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	7	4
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	-	1
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	418	73
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	82	12
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	24
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	4	-
Maltster	7	-
Brewer	15	-
Cellarman	1	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	8	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	5	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	44	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	8	1
Fishmonger	26	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	2
Corn Miller	17	2
Baker	54	7
Confectioner, Pastrycook	14	7
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	6	3
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	46	8
Sugar Refiner	3	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	62	1
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	7	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	91	116
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	5	1
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	2	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	1	-
Others	2	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	14
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	-	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	-	1
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	-	2
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Mat Maker, Seller	3	-
Net Maker	-	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Weaver (undefined)	-	4
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	3	2
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	8
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	65	69
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	9
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	-
Embroiderer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	407	686
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	6	-
Tailor	76	177
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	298
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	13
Hosier, Haberdasher	5	3
Glover, Glove Maker	-	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	312	190
Patten, Clog Maker	1	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	7	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	2
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	31	47
Currier	8	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	-	1
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	1	7
Brush, Broom, Maker	22	38
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	86	58
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Oil and Colourman	1	1
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	6	2
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	4	-
Thatcher	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	5	-
Sawyer	19	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	1	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	11	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	12	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	2	1
Paper Manufacture	9	3
Stationer, Law Stationer	9	2
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	2	47
Ticket, Label Writer	-	2
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	252	4
Coal Miner	2	-
Coal Merchant	11	-
Coalheaver	31	-
Gas Works Service	3	-
Stone Quarrier	2	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Limeburner	6	-
Well Sinker, Borer	-	1
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	23	-
Road Labourer	3	-
Platelayer	12	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	12	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	5	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	5	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Others	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	7	1
[Iron Manufacture]	22	-
Blacksmith	31	-
Whitesmith	13	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	15	2
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	2	-
[Coppersmith]	2	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	26	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	4	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	8	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	485	103
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	40	54
Pawnbroker	2	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	25	5
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	7	-
Contractor (undefined)	1	-
General Labourer	344	3
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	28	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	19	21
Apprentice (undefined)	6	2
Factory Labourer (undefined)	13	8
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	10
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	7	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	7	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	80	904
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	80	904
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	56	1,694
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	4	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	52	1,689

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)