Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Croydon RegD/PLU	Croydon SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	554	31
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	242	10
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	83	2
Police	153	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	49	17
Other Local or County Official	17	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	9	1
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	167	12
Army Officer (effective/retired)	88	4
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	13	2
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	10	-
Army Pensioner	23	3
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	19	-
Seaman, R.N.	3	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	1	-
Navy Pensioner	10	3
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	1,336	1,230
Clergymen (Established Church)	74	1
Roman Catholic Priest	6	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	32	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	13	7
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	42
Theological Student	4	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	13	8
Barrister, Solicitor	165	-
Law Student	13	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	120	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	83	-
Dentist	28	-
Medical Student, Assistant	46	1
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	10	218
Schoolmaster	159	442
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	49	352
School Service, and others connected with teaching	12	18
Author, Editor, Journalist	33	4
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	8	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	11	1
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	5	-
Civil Engineer	80	-
Mining Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	44	-
Painter (artist)	52	18
Engraver (artist)	10	1
Sculptor	3	-
Architect	84	2
Musician, Music Master	77	74
Art Student	16	19
Photographer	47	12
Actor	7	6
Art, Music, Theatre Service	4	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	10	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	16	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	832	10,820
Domestic Coachman, Groom	159	1
Domestic Gardener	183	2
Domestic Indoor Servant	269	9,121
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	11	6
Inn, Hotel Servant	163	109
College, Club Service	5	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	4	7
Cook (not domestic)	3	44
Charwoman	2	227
Washing and Bathing Service	21	1,275
Hospital and Institution Service	9	28
Others engaged in Service	3	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	2,970	63
Merchant	237	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	343	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	68	2
Accountant	122	3
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	8	7
Commercial Traveller	247	8
Commercial Clerk	1,484	37
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	10	-
Banker	6	-
Bank Service	269	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	4	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	172	2
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,835	30
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	27	-
Railway Guard	19	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	16	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	390	8
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	51	3
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	359	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	510	1
Tramway Companies' Service	13	-
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	4	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	6	1
Navigation Service (on shore)	21	3
Seaman (Merchant Service)	53	-
Ship Steward, Cook	3	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	12	1
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	93	2
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	241	3
Telegraph, Telephone Service	17	5
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	1,693	69
Farmer, Grazier	54	3
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	6	-
Farm Bailiff	31	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	550	49
Shepherd	18	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	4	-
Agricultural Student	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	6	-
Woodman	12	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	57	2
Gardener (not domestic)	954	15
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	252	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	7	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	170	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	23	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	8	-
Drover	7	-
Gamekeeper	20	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	4	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	13	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	312	20
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	48	7
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	7	-
Bookbinder	20	6
Printer	208	3
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	18	4
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	11	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	326	13
Engine, Machine Maker	48	2
Millwright	29	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	46	-
Boiler Maker	6	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	1
Saw Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	106	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	29	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	15	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	7	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	6	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	21	1
Type Cutter, Founder	1	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	3	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	8
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	4,427	54
Builder	240	1
Carpenter, Joiner	1,254	4
Bricklayer	988	2
Mason	155	-
Slater, Tiler	31	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	297	3
Paperhanger	36	-
Plumber	323	-
Painter, Glazier	748	2
Cabinet Maker	147	29
French Polisher	24	1
Furniture Broker, Dealer	27	3
Locksmith, Bellhanger	5	-
Gas Fitter	84	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	22	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	8	1
Carver, Gilder	23	3
Dealer in Works of Art	5	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	7	-
Artificial Flower Maker	1	4
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	262	3
Coachmaker	120	1
Wheelwright	85	1
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	7	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	50	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	17	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	10	1
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	3	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	2	-
Sail Maker	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	155	8
Dye, Paint Manufacture	10	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	2	1
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	23	4
Chemist, Druggist	99	1
Manufacturing Chemist	18	2
Drysalter	3	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	45	11
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	41	11
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	4	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	2,139	248
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	144	28
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	16	65
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	25	14
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	16	-
Maltster	3	-
Brewer	72	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	57	8
Cellarman	30	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	88	7
Milkseller, Dairyman	139	8
Cheesemonger, Butterman	22	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	302	9
Provision Curer, Dealer	43	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	15	2
Fishmonger	84	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	72	-
Corn Miller	9	-
Baker	324	18
Confectioner, Pastrycook	40	23
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	159	19
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	7	-
Sugar Refiner	8	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	435	42
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	29	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	387	267
Woolstapler	4	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	2	-
Flannel Manufacture	3	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	21	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	10	1
Silk Dyer, Printer	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	16	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	2	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	6	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	4	12
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	3	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Mat Maker, Seller	9	-
Net Maker	1	-
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	3	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	1	-
Weaver (undefined)	1	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	22	6
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	2
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	6	-
Manchester Warehouseman	9	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	246	207
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	6	30
Trimming Maker, Dealer	2	-
Embroiderer	-	7
Others	3	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	884	1,553
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	27	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	247	44
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	17	1,305
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	4	138
Hosiery Manufacture	3	2
Hosier, Haberdasher	20	6
Glover, Glove Maker	5	1
Button Maker, Dealer	2	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	485	37
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	57	6
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	11	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	6	9
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	96	2
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	5	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	10	-
Others	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	8	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	6	-
Currier	40	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	11	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	11	1
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	1	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	309	58
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Oil and Colourman	53	7
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	3	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	5	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	13	2
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	39	1
Sawyer	53	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	21	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	10	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	14	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	7	-
Others	6	-
Paper Manufacture	4	9
Stationer, Law Stationer	62	37
Paper Stainer	3	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	5	2
Others	4	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	1,078	30
Coal Miner	1	-
Ironstone Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	6	-
Coal Merchant	45	1
Coalheaver	34	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	-	1
Gas Works Service	57	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	9	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	2	-
Limeburner	2	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	4	1
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	127	1
Paviour	2	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	8	-
Road Labourer	9	-
Railway Contractor	2	-
Platelayer	72	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	149	-
Others	2	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	9	2
Glass Manufacture	4	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	24	17
Waterworks Service	12	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	34	2
Others	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	39	-
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	192	1
Whitesmith	50	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	101	2
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	1	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	28	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	11	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	5	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	24	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	-	1
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	3	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	2,937	217
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	186	102
Pawnbroker	26	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	71	37
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	44	2
Contractor (undefined)	18	1
General Labourer	2,260	15
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	85	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	170	39
Apprentice (undefined)	40	6
Factory Labourer (undefined)	26	3
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	11	11
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	49	-
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	34	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	12	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	820	2,761
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	820	2,761
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	831	16,797
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	19	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	812	16,792

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)