This is a modern unit which was reported on by the 2011 census. Most of our historical statistics were originally gathered for units with quite different boundaries. To give you a clear picture of long-run change, we have used our detailed information on boundaries and population distribution to redistrict the historical statistics to the modern units. More details here.

Statistical comparisons will be made with Great Britain (change comparison)

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Available Themes

Click on the hyperlinks for direct access to key graphs and tables.

• Total Population 1801 to 2011: Population grew from 150,920 in 1801 to 4,942,040 in 2011.
• Age Structure, in 5-year bands, from 1861 to 2011: In 1861, only 4.61 per cent of the population were aged 65 and over, but by 2011 12.69 per cent were.
• Infant Mortality Rate 1861 to 2011: The highest rate recorded was 134.03 infant deaths per thousand live births in 1861, and the lowest was 4.07 in 2011.
• Changing Industrial Structure 1841 to 2011: In 1841, 33.85 per cent of all workers worked in consumer services, but in 2011 this had fallen to 26.33 per cent.
• Male Unemployment from 1931 to 2011: The highest male unemployment rate recorded by the census was 11.36 per cent in 1991, and the lowest was .97 in 1961.
• Precentage of workforce with degrees 1951 to 2011: In 1951, only 2.784 per cent of occupied males had stayed in education past age 20, but in 2011 33.01 per cent of the population had degree-level qualifications.
• Proportion of male workers with professional and managerial jobs, from 1951 to 2011: In 1951, 23.66 per cent of men had these generally better paid jobs, and in 2011 this had risen to 26.43 per cent.
• Over-crowded housing, from 1911 to 2011: In 1911, 20.28 per cent of people were living in households with over 1.5 persons per room, but in 2011 this had fallen to 2.88 per cent.

We have created these time series for the modern local authority area by using a Geographical Information System to re-district statistics for a variety of historical units which covered the same area.

Alternative names

We know of no alternate names.

Unit associations

We know of no associations with other units.

Unit history

This unit was part of the following units:

Name	Type	Start	End	Authority
LONDON	Government Office Region	1996		Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)

Boundary changes

We know of no boundary changes affecting this unit.

Lower level units

This unit contained the following units:

Name	Type	Start	End	Authority
BARKING AND DAGENHAM	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
BARNET	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
BEXLEY	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
BRENT	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
BROMLEY	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
CROYDON	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
EALING	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
ENFIELD	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
GREENWICH	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
HARROW	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
HAVERING	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
HILLINGDON	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
HOUNSLOW	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
KINGSTON UPON THAMES	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
MERTON	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
REDBRIDGE	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
RICHMOND UPON THAMES	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
SUTTON	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)
WALTHAM FOREST	District/Unitary Authority			Census of Population (2001 Key Statistics)